pGLO lab

pGLO Observations , Data Recording & Analysis

1.

Obtain your team plates.  Observe your set of  “+pGLO” plates under room light and with UV light.  Record numbers of colonies and color of colonies. Fill in the table below. Plate Number of Colonies Color of colonies under room light Color of colonies under   UV light - pGLO LB 0 no color no color  - pGLO LB/amp 0 no color no color + pGLO LB/amp 1,000 peach color peach color + pGLO LB/amp/ara 100,000 peach color florescent green

2.	What two new traits do your transformed bacteria have?
	they have bigger colony's and one of them can glow
3.	Estimate how many bacteria were in the 100 uL of bacteria that you spread on each plate. Explain your logic.
	I estimate about 100-200 in each one because bacteria are about the size of a cell
4.	What is the role of arabinose in the plates?
	it allows the bacteria to grow under UV lights.
5.	List and briefly explain three current uses for GFP (green fluorescent protein) in research or applied science.
	Fusion tag: observes the activity of the protein
	active indicator: see how proteins change to its environment
	in FERT: to observe the energy transfer
6.	Give an example of another application of genetic engineering.

to see if GFP have any effects an animals.

candy elecrophoresis lab

From the pictures below you can see that some dyes do separated over time like the blue and dark red dyes. Also the dyes did not change colors will moving. I believe that the Betanin (beetroot red) is a structure of one of the dyes we used in our lab because it looks like the dark red dye on the far right. Dog food manufacturers put artificial food colors in dog food because it might help keep the dog healthy. the two factors that control the distance of the colored dye solution migrate are the negative and positive charges in the gel, and it also helps them move through the gel. the electrical charge causes molecules to move depending on their charge and the gel slows down bigger molecules relative to smaller molecules. they will separate from smallest to biggest with the smallest being farther ahead than the biggest.

recombinant DNA lab conclution

first thing you do is, you locate the gene of interest, witch is then location and sequence of the gene including above and below in the bacteria. Second thing you do is, use the restricted enzymes to get the gene out, a restricted enzymes are enzymes that cut DNA whenever it reads a specific sequence. we used was Hin dIII because it is the only one that worked. Third thing you do is, you cut the plasmid  in one place that matches the restricted enzyme, be sure not to cut the plasmid in two please or the DNA that is going in will not fit. Fourth thing you do is cut two places that match the restricted enzymes in the DNA and take that cut off peace put it in between the cut in the plasmid. fifth thing you should do is, you let the ligase attach the two bases together. sixth thing you should does, use antibiotics to see if the plasmid has been taken into the host cell, but antibiotics as tetracycline, kanamycin, and ampicillin normally kill the host bacteria. This process is important to life because it can help cure deceases or  help insulin genes. Recomdinant DNA can be use for helping bacteria that is healthy for the body.

second semester goals

There are two major SMART goals that i want to accomplish for this semester. one SMART goal is to change the way I study for tests, quiz's, and exams. I will review my vodcast or talk to my teacher for any thing I am confused on and I will also review the check for understanding quiz's. 2 days before the test I will quiz myself. This might improve my skills for studying. It is important that I work on my studying skills because it will help me do better on tests. I plan on doing 30 mins for studying when I find out about a upcoming test. Another one of my SMART goals is to do better in PE. I will go to the gym every weekend and during the breaks. I will work on my muscles so i can do better on meting my minimum standards. I believe that this will improve my performance and my grade in PE. I will spend 30 to 45 mins at the gym when ever i have time to do so.

Unite 5 reflection

This Unite was about how mutations in the DNA can be harmful and harmless. Mutations can cause changes in the DNA like deletion, substitution, and insertion. Some changes can have from no effect at all to super and dangerous changes. My Strengths in this unit was being able to transcribe and translate mutated DNA. My weakness was writing done the exact same DNA code but with one little change to it. I was very successful in seeing and writing down what had change and if it cause any major changes. What set me back was wondering if the mutation would lead to a deceases or not.
 During the experiments that we have had I've learned that mutations can cause great changes and sometimes little changes, it all depends on where the mutation takes place. I also have learned how to easily translate and transcribe DNA in to an amino acid. The best thing I have learned is the many different kinds of mutations that can effect the DNA. I what to learn more about the different kinds of mutation and see if there is any other kinds of mutations out there. One of my unanswered questions is "Can you stop a mutation and if so how?". I wounder if one of these mutations can give you super powers

protein synthesis lab conclusion

There are 5 steps to make a protein. Step 1: DNA info transfers to the RNA. Step 2: mRNA leaves the nucleus. Step 3: mRNA arrives at ribosome. Step 4: ribosomes reads mRND by 1 codon at a time. Step 5: When reading is done that codons would have made an amino acid.


The mutation with the greatest effect was the deletion of T it caused the ribosome to stop making the amino acid. The mutation with the least effect was the substitution T to C it caused on changes at all. If T was near the binning of the sequence it would have changed the outcome dramatically and crate a completely different protein.


I choice deletion in step 7 because I thought it would cause the greatest mutation. Like most of the mutations it had some kind of effect on the amino acid. It does matter where the mutation occurs because depending on where it is it might cause a big change or a small change.

Mutations can affect your life by changing a protein  in the a broken or damaged protein and can cause you to get a disease or cancer even. Insertion is a mutation where a one letter is added to the mRNA. This can cause the amino acid to have an extra letter at the end. Depending on where the letter is added it could change the entire amino acid into a completely different one.

DNA extraction lab conclusion

During this lab we asked the question "How can DNA be separated from cheek cells in order to study it?" We found out that after scraping  our cheeks with our teeth we sued a Gatorade solution to separate the DNA from the cheek cells. Our data shows that when alcohol is added to a mixture of Gatorade, soap, and enzymes the DNA gets extracted and floats to the top. This could be related to DNA vodcasts during unite 5. This data supports our claim because it shows how we extracted the DNA and what solution we used.
Our data contradicts the expected results because we had to put the procedure in the correct order our selfies. We were able to get the right order for the lab but it could have failed if we did the order of the procedure wrong. Getting the order of the procedure wrong could result in something different or nothing happens. I recommend that you read the parts of the procedure carefully to help you put them in the right order. I also recommend that you bring in fruit so you can extract the fruits DNA instead of yours.
This lab was to demonstrated how DNA is extracted from the cheek cells. From this lab I learned how to correctly extract DNA from the cheek which helps me understand the concept of DNA extraction and examination. Based on my experience from this lab I could extract the DNA from a fruit.